Learn Parts of Speech in Easy way

Here are the 9 parts of speech in English:

1. Nouns (N) - words that refer to a person, place, thing, or idea

2. Verbs (V) - words that express action, occurrence, or state of being

3. Adjectives (Adj) - words that modify or describe nouns or pronouns

4. Adverbs (Adv) - words that modify or describe verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs

5. Pronouns (Pron) - words that replace nouns in a sentence

6. Prepositions (Prep) - words that show the relationship between a noun or pronoun and other words in a sentence

7. Conjunctions (Conj) - words that connect words, phrases, or clauses in a sentence

8. Interjections (Int) - words that express emotion or feeling

9. Articles (Art) - words that modify nouns and indicate their type and reference (definite or indefinite)

Here's a mnemonic device to help you remember the 9 parts of speech:

"Nancy's Violet Aunts Make Pretty Cookies In April"

N - Nouns

V - Verbs

A - Adjectives

M - Adverbs

P - Pronouns

C - Conjunctions

I - Interjections

A - Articles

Some sources may group parts of speech differently, or recognize additional categories like auxiliary verbs or modal verbs. However, the above 9 categories are the traditional and most widely accepted parts of speech in English grammar.

NOUN

A noun is a word that refers to a person, place, thing, or idea. There are several types of nouns, including:

1. *Proper Nouns*: Names of specific people, places, or organizations (e.g., John, London, Google).

2. *Common Nouns*: General terms for categories of things (e.g., dog, city, company).

3. *Collective Nouns*: Groups of people, animals, or things (e.g., family, herd, team).

4. *Abstract Nouns*: Concepts or ideas (e.g., happiness, freedom, love).

5. *Concrete Nouns*: Tangible objects or substances (e.g., chair, water, bread).

6. *Countable Nouns*: Can be counted (e.g., book, dog, house).

7. *Uncountable Nouns*: Cannot be counted (e.g., water, air, happiness).

8. *Compound Nouns*: Made up of two or more words (e.g., toothbrush, birthday).

9. *Possessive Nouns*: Show ownership or possession (e.g., my car, her phone).

10. *Verbal Nouns*: Derived from verbs (e.g., swimming, dancing).

Proper nouns are names of specific people, places, organizations, or titles. They are always capitalized in writing to distinguish them from common nouns. Here are some kinds of proper nouns:

1. _Names of People_:

    - First names (e.g., John, Sarah)

    - Last names (e.g., Smith, Johnson)

    - Full names (e.g., John Smith, Sarah Taylor)

2. _Names of Places_:

    - Countries (e.g., United States, China)

    - Cities (e.g., New York, London)

    - Towns (e.g., Anytown, USA)

    - Landmarks (e.g., Eiffel Tower, Statue of Liberty)

3. _Names of Organizations_:

    - Companies (e.g., Google, Apple)

    - Institutions (e.g., Harvard University, NASA)

    - Governments (e.g., United States Government, European Union)

4. _Titles_:

    - Mr., Mrs., Ms., Dr., Prof.

    - President, Queen, King, Emperor

5. _Names of Events_:

    - Holidays (e.g., Christmas, Halloween)

    - Historical events (e.g., World War II, Moon Landing)

6. _Names of Months and Days_:

    - January, February, March, etc.

    - Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, etc.

7. _Names of Ships and Vehicles_:

    - Aircraft (e.g., Air Force One)

    - Ships (e.g., USS Enterprise)

    - Spacecraft (e.g., Apollo 11)

8. _Names of Awards and Honors_:

    - Nobel Prize, Pulitzer Prize, Oscar

9. _Names of Buildings and Structures_:

    - White House, Eiffel Tower, Taj Mahal

proper nouns are always capitalized to show respect and distinction.

PRONOUN

A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun in a sentence. There are several types of pronouns, including:

1. *Personal Pronouns*:

    - First person (I, me, my, mine)

    - Second person (you, your, yours)

    - Third person (he, him, his, she, her, hers, it, its)

2. *Possessive Pronouns*:

    - Mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs

3. *Reflexive Pronouns*:

    - Myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, themselves

4. *Demonstrative Pronouns*:

    - This, that, these, those

5. *Interrogative Pronouns*:

    - Who, what, which, whom, whose

6. *Indefinite Pronouns*:

    - Someone, something, anyone, anything, nobody, nothing, etc.

7. *Distributive Pronouns*:

    - Each, every, either, neither

8. *Reciprocal Pronouns*:

    - Each other, one another

9. *Impersonal Pronouns*:

    - It (used to refer to weather, time, etc.)

10. *Relative Pronouns*:

    - Who, which, that, whom, whose (used to connect clauses)

Pronouns help to avoid repetition and make language more efficient and concise. 

VERB

Verbs are words that express actions, events, or states of being. There are several types of verbs, including:

1. Action verbs (e.g., run, jump, read)

2. Linking verbs (e.g., be, seem, appear)

3. Helping verbs (e.g., will, would, shall)

4. Transitive verbs (e.g., write, paint, buy)

5. Intransitive verbs (e.g., sleep, laugh, cry)

6. Regular verbs (e.g., walk, run, eat)

7. Irregular verbs (e.g., go, take, be)

8. Modal verbs (e.g., can, could, may)

9. Phrasal verbs (e.g., pick up, get on, turn off)

10. Stative verbs (e.g., be, have, belong)

That's a great summary! Here's a brief explanation of each category to help reinforce your understanding:

1. Action verbs: Describe physical or mental actions.

2. Linking verbs: Connect the subject to additional information.

3. Helping verbs: Used to help form the tense, mood, or voice of another verb.

4. Transitive verbs: Take an object directly.

5. Intransitive verbs: Do not take an object directly.

6. Regular verbs: Follow a predictable pattern when forming tenses.

7. Irregular verbs: Do not follow a predictable pattern when forming tenses.

8. Modal verbs: Express possibility, necessity, or obligation.

9. Phrasal verbs: Combination of a verb and a preposition, often with a unique meaning.

10. Stative verbs: Express a state or condition, rather than an action.

Keep in mind that some verbs can belong to more than one category, and some categories can overlap. 

PREPOSITION

Prepositions are words that show the relationship between a noun or pronoun and other words in a sentence. They indicate location, direction, time, manner, or other relationships. Here are the main types of prepositions:

1. Words of location:

    - In

    - On

    - At

    - By

    - With

    - Under

    - Above

    - Below

2. Words of direction:

    - To

    - From

    - Up

    - Down

    - In

    - Out

    - Through

    - Across

3. Words of time:

    - At

    - On

    - During

    - Before

    - After

    - Until

    - Till

4. Words of manner:

    - By

    - With

    - In

    - Like

5. Words of movement:

    - To

    - From

    - Up

    - Down

    - In

    - Out

    - Through

    - Across

6. Words of comparison:

    - Like

    - Unlike

    - As

    - Than

7. Phrasal prepositions (combination of a preposition and another word):

    - In front of

    - On behalf of

    - With regard to

    - In addition to

Some common prepositions include:

- About

- Above

- Across

- After

- Against

- Along

- Among

- Around

- At

- Before

- Behind

- Below

- Beside

- Between

- By

- Down

- During

- For

- From

- In

- Inside

- Into

- Like

- Near

- Of

- Off

- On

- Onto

- Out

- Over

- Past

- Since

- Through

- Throughout

- Till

- To

- Toward

- Under

- Underneath

- Until

- Up

- Upon

- With

- Within

- Without

ADVERB

Adverbs are words that modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, indicating manner, time, place, frequency, or degree. Here are the main types of adverbs:

1. Manner adverbs:

    - Describe how something is done (e.g., quickly, loudly, wisely)

2. Time adverbs:

    - Indicate when something happens (e.g., yesterday, soon, recently)

3. Place adverbs:

    - Indicate where something happens (e.g., here, there, everywhere)

4. Frequency adverbs:

    - Indicate how often something happens (e.g., often, rarely, usually)

5. Degree adverbs:

    - Indicate the extent or degree of something (e.g., very, extremely, highly)

6. Modal adverbs:

    - Express possibility, necessity, or obligation (e.g., possibly, necessarily, obviously)

7. Focusing adverbs:

    - Emphasize a particular point or aspect (e.g., only, just, simply)

8. Contrastive adverbs:

    - Indicate a contrast or contradiction (e.g., however, nevertheless, on the other hand)

9. Additive adverbs:

    - Indicate addition or inclusion (e.g., also, moreover, furthermore)

10. Phrasal adverbs:

    - Combination of a preposition and another word (e.g., on time, in advance, at last)

Some common adverbs include:

- Quickly

- Very

- Well

- Far

- High

- Late

- Early

- Often

- Rarely

- Usually

- Always

- Never

- Almost

- Nearly

- Too

- Enough

- Very

- Extremely

- Highly

- Completely

- Totally

ADJECTIVE

Adjectives are words that modify or describe nouns or pronouns, indicating their qualities, properties, or characteristics. Here are the main types of adjectives:

1. Quantitative adjectives:

    - Describe quantity or amount (e.g., five, ten, many)

2. Qualitative adjectives:

    - Describe quality or character (e.g., happy, tall, blue)

3. Demonstrative adjectives:

    - Identify which noun is being referred to (e.g., this, that, these)

4. Possessive adjectives:

    - Show ownership or possession (e.g., my, your, her)

5. Interrogative adjectives:

    - Ask a question (e.g., which, what, when)

6. Indefinite adjectives:

    - Describe an unspecified noun (e.g., some, any, all)

7. Distributive adjectives:

    - Describe each individual in a group (e.g., each, every)

8. Emphasizing adjectives:

    - Emphasize a particular point (e.g., very, extremely, highly)

9. Comparative adjectives:

    - Compare two nouns (e.g., bigger, happier, more)

10. Superlative adjectives:

    - Compare three or more nouns (e.g., biggest, happiest, most)

11. Compound adjectives:

    - Made up of two or more words (e.g., well-known, self-made)

12. Participial adjectives:

    - End in -ing or -ed and describe a noun (e.g., running, happy)

13. Predicate adjectives:

    - Follow a linking verb and describe the subject (e.g., She is happy)

Some common adjectives include:

- Happy

- Tall

- Blue

- Big

- Small

- Fast

- Slow

- Hot

- Cold

- Good

- Bad

- Old

- New

- Nice

- Great

- Wonderful

- Beautiful

CONJUNCTION

Conjunctions are words that connect words, phrases, or clauses together in a sentence. There are three main types of conjunctions:

1. Coordinating Conjunctions:

    - Connect words, phrases, or clauses of equal importance.

    - Examples: and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet

2. Subordinating Conjunctions:

    - Connect a dependent clause to an independent clause.

    - Examples: because, since, after, although, though, unless, until

3. Correlative Conjunctions:

    - Used in pairs to connect words or phrases of equal importance.

    - Examples: both...and, either...or, not only...but also, whether...or

Some common conjunctions include:

- And (coordinating)

- But (coordinating)

- Or (coordinating)

- So (coordinating)

- Yet (coordinating)

- Because (subordinating)

- Since (subordinating)

- After (subordinating)

- Although (subordinating)

- Though (subordinating)

- Unless (subordinating)

- Until (subordinating)

- Both...and (correlative)

- Either...or (correlative)

- Not only...but also (correlative)

- Whether...or (correlative)

Conjunctions help to connect ideas, show relationships between clauses, and create complex sentences.

INTERJECTION

Interjections are words that express emotion or feeling, often used to convey strong emotions or sudden feelings. They are usually set apart from other words in a sentence by an exclamation mark (!). Here are the main types of interjections:

1. Emotive Interjections:

    - Express strong emotions like joy, sorrow, anger, or surprise (e.g., Oh!, Wow!, Ouch!, Ah!)

2. Volitive Interjections:

    - Express wishes, desires, or commands (e.g., Goodbye!, Good luck!, Hurrah!)

3. Imperative Interjections:

    - Give commands or instructions (e.g., Shh!, Hush!, Attention!)

4. Exclamatory Interjections:

    - Express sudden or strong emotions (e.g., Oh no!, Wow!, Yay!)

5. Proclamation Interjections:

    - Declare or proclaim something (e.g., Hurray!, Bravo!, Well done!)

6. Expletive Interjections:

    - Express strong emotions, often used to relieve tension or frustration (e.g., Oh dear!, Good grief!, Darn it!)

7. Greeting Interjections:

    - Used to greet someone (e.g., Hello!, Hi!, Hey!)

8. Farewell Interjections:

    - Used to bid farewell (e.g., Goodbye!, Farewell!, See you!)

Some common interjections include:

- Oh!

- Wow!

- Ah!

- Ouch!

- Oh no!

- Yay!

- Hurray!

- Bravo!

- Goodbye!

- Hello!

- Hi!

- Hey!

interjections can be culturally specific, and some may be considered inappropriate or offensive in certain contexts.

ARTICLE

Articles are words that modify nouns and indicate their type and reference in a sentence. There are two main types of articles in English:

1. Definite Article:

    - "The" is used to refer to a specific, previously mentioned noun or a noun that is already known to the listener/reader.

    - Example: "I'm reading the book you recommended."

2. Indefinite Article:

    - "A" and "an" are used to refer to a non-specific noun or a noun that is being mentioned for the first time.

    - Example: "I'm reading a book."

Note:

- "A" is used before nouns that start with a consonant sound (e.g., "a cat").

- "An" is used before nouns that start with a vowel sound (e.g., "an apple").

Some key points to remember:

- Use "the" when referring to a specific noun or a noun that has already been mentioned.

- Use "a" or "an" when referring to a non-specific noun or a noun that is being mentioned for the first time.

- Don't use an article before plural nouns (e.g., "cats," "dogs") or uncountable nouns (e.g., "water," "air").